The roof is one of the most important barriers against moisture intrusion. A properly designed roof with a slope, valleys, and adequate drainage will protect the structure from water damage. Flat or multi-angled roofs are more prone to pooling, leaks, and maintenance issues.

Inspect for well-installed gutters, downspouts that drain away from the foundation, and roof edges that include drip flashing. Look for signs of clogged or missing gutters and water staining on fascia or siding. Chimney flashing should divert water properly, and there should be no visible cracks or damage in chimney masonry.