Test results can sometimes feel overwhelming — rows of numbers, chemical names, and technical language.

Here’s what to focus on:

Key contaminants to watch:

• Lead: No safe level — action should be taken at any detectable amount.
• Coliform bacteria (including E. coli): Presence indicates a need for immediate disinfection.
• Nitrates: Should be below 10 mg/L (especially important for households with infants).
• Arsenic: Should be below 0.010 mg/L (10 parts per billion).
• PFAS: Many experts recommend targeting non-detectable levels, even though official limits vary.

Understanding “Safe Ranges”:

• Compare your results against EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) and, if possible, stricter health-based guidelines (some states or nonprofits set tighter safety margins than federal standards).

Important takeaway:

Don’t panic if you see numbers — look carefully at whether levels exceed health guidelines. When in doubt, seek advice from a water quality professional.