Not all mold inspections involve lab testing—but when they do, it’s important to understand what each type of test is designed to detect.

Common types of sampling include:

• Air Sampling (Spore Traps): Measures the types and concentrations of airborne mold spores. Samples are taken indoors and outdoors to compare and determine whether indoor levels are elevated.
• Surface Sampling (Swabs or Tape Lifts): Used to test visible discoloration or suspicious material on surfaces such as drywall, caulk, or furniture.
• Cavity Sampling (Wall or Cabinet Interiors): A small tube or adapter is inserted into enclosed spaces to collect an air sample behind walls or under sinks.
• Dust Sampling (ERMI, HERTSMI-2, or Fungi 10): Evaluates long-term mold burden based on the DNA of mold species found in settled dust, especially useful for homes with chronically ill occupants.

Each method has its place, depending on what the inspector is trying to confirm or rule out. Your IEP should explain why a particular test is being used and what the results may reveal.